The UNESCO Chairs and Biosphere Reserves: People and Nature Colloquium, which was to kick off the celebrations of the 10th anniversary of the UNESCO Chair in Biodiversity and Conservation for Sustainable Development, took place at Departamento de Ciências da Vida (DCV; Department of Life Sciences) in University of Coimbra, Portugal, on the 16th of October, 2023. This meeting featured the participation of Prof. Helena Freitas at DCV and Coordinator of the Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE) and the UNESCO Chair in Biodiversity and Conservation for Sustainable Development. Prof. Hiroyuki Matsuda and YNU Honorary Dr. Miguel Clusener-Godt gave invited talks, and Miguel Pardal, director of DCV, closed the session.